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1 calumnia
călumnĭa (old form kălumnĭa; v. the letter K), ae, f. [perh. for calvomnia, from calvor; cf. incīlo], trickery, artifice, chicanery, cunning device.I.Lit.A.In gen.:B.per obtrectatores Lentuli calumniā extracta res est,
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 3:(Lucullus) inimicorum calumniā triennio tardius quam debuerat triumphavit,
id. Ac. 2, 1, 3:inpediti ne triumpharent calumniā paucorum, quibus omnia honesta atque inhonesta vendere mos erat,
Sall. C. 30, 4:Metellus calumniā dicendi tempus exemit,
Cic. Att. 4, 3, 3:cum omni morā, ludificatione, calumniā senatūs auctoritas impediretur,
id. Sest. 35, 75.— Plur.:res ab adversariis nostris extracta est variis calumniis,
Cic. Fam. 1, 4, 1.—In partic.1.A pretence, evasion, subterfuge:2.juris judicium cum erit et aequitatis, cave in istā tam frigidā, tam jejunā calumniā delitescas,
Cic. Caecin. 21, 61:senatus religionis calumniam non religione, sed malevolentiā... comprobat,
id. Fam. 1, 1, 1:Carneades... itaque premebat alio modo nec ullam adhibebat calumniam,
id. Fat. 14, 31:calumniam stultitiamque ejus obtrivit ac contudit,
id. Caecin. 7, 18:illud in primis, ne qua calumnia, ne qua fraus, ne quis dolus adhibeatur,
id. Dom. 14, 36:quae major calumnia est, quam venire imberbum adulescentulum... dicere se filium senatorem sibi velle adoptare?
id. ib. 14, 37.—In discourse, etc., a misrepresentation, false statement, fallacy, cavil (cf.:3.cavillatio, perfugium): haec cum uberius disputantur et fusius, facilius effugiunt Academicorum calumniam,
Cic. Ac. 2, 7, 20:(Carneades) saepe optimas causas ingenii calumniā ludificari solet,
id. Rep. 3, 5, 9:nec Arcesilae calumnia conferenda est cum Democriti verecundiā,
id. Ac. 2, 5, 14:si in minimis rebus pertinacia reprehenditur, calumnia etiam coërcetur,
id. ib. 2, 20, 65:altera est calumnia, nullam artem falsis adsentiri opinionibus,
Quint. 2, 17, 18:si quis tamen... ad necessaria aliquid melius adjecerit, non erit hac calumniā reprendendus,
id. 12, 10, 43.—A false accusation, malicious charge, esp. a false or malicious information, or action at law, a perversion of justice ( = sukophantia):4.jam de deorum inmortalium templis spoliatis qualem calumniam ad pontifices adtulerit?
false report, Liv. 39, 4, 11:Scythae... cum confecto jam bello supervenissent, et calumniā tardius lati auxilii, mercede fraudarentur,
an unjust charge, Just. 42, 1, 2:quamquam illa fuit ad calumniam singulari consilio reperta ratio... Quae res cum ad pactiones iniquissimas magnam vim habuit, tum vero ad calumnias in quas omnes inciderent, quos vellent Apronius,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 15, § 38:causam calumniae reperire,
id. ib. 2, 2, 8, §21: (Heraclius), a quo HS. C. milia per calumniam malitiamque petita sunt,
id. ib. 2, 2, 27, §66: mirari improbitatem calumniae,
id. ib. 2, 2, 15, §37: exsistunt etiam saepe injuriae calumniā quādam et nimis callidā juris interpretatione,
id. Off. 1, 10, 33:iste amplam occasionem calumniae nactus,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 25, § 61:quem iste in decumis, in rebus capitalibus, in omni calumniā praecursorem habere solebat et emissarium,
id. ib. 2, 5, 41, § 108; 2, 2, 9, §25: ad rapinas convertit animum, vario et exquisitissimo calumniarum et auctionum et vectigalium genere,
Suet. Calig. 38 init.; cf.the context: calumniā litium alienos fundos petere,
Cic. Mil. 27, 74:adeo illis odium Romanorum incussit rapacitas proconsulum, sectio publicanorum, calumniae litium,
Just. 38, 7, 8:calumniarum metum inicere alicui,
Suet. Caes. 20:principes confiscatos ob tam leve ac tam inpudens calumniarum genus, ut, etc.,
id. Tib. 49:calumniis rapinisque intendit animum,
id. Ner. 32:creditorum turbam... nonnisi terrore calumniarum amovit,
id. Vit. 7:fiscales calumnias magna calumniantium repressit,
id. Dom. 9 fin. — Plur.:istae calumniae,
App. Mag. 1, p. 273, 9; cf.:calumnia magiae,
id. ib. 2, p. 274, 10.—Hence, jurid. t. t., the bringing of an action, whether civil or criminal, in bad faith:II.actoris calumnia quoque coërcetur,
litigiousness on the part of the plaintiff, Just. Inst. 4, 16, 1 Sandars ad loc.; Gai Inst. 4, 174: vetus calumniae actio, a prosecution for blackmail or malicious prosecution, id. ib.: calumniam jurare, to take the oath that the action is brought or defence offered in good faith, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 3: sei juraverit calumniae causā non postulare, Lex Acil. Repetund. 19; Dig. 39, 2, 7; cf.: praeter jusjurandum exigere non calumniae causā infitias ire, Gai Inst. 4, 172:jusjurandum exigere non calumniae causā agere,
id. ib. 4, 176.—Hence:nec satis habere bello vicisse Hannibalem, nisi velut accusatores calumniam in eum jurarent ac nomen deferrent,
Liv. 33, 37, 5 Weissenb. ad loc; so,de calumniā jurare,
Dig. 39, 2, 13, § 3: jusjurandum de calumniā, Gai Inst. 4, 179; Dig. 12, 3, 34 al.: et quidem calumniae judicium adversus omnes actiones locum habet, a conviction in a cross-action for malicious prosecution, Gai Inst. 4, 175:turpissimam personam calumniae honestae civitati inponere,
to fasten the vile character of a malicious prosecutor upon, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 17, § 43:sine ignominiā calumniae accusationem relinquere non posse,
id. Clu. 31, 86.— The person convicted of this charge was branded on the forehead with the letter K; v. calumniator.—Transf., a conviction for malicious prosecution ( = calumniae judicium, v. I. A. 4. supra):III.hic illo privato judicio, mihi credite, calumniam non effugiet,
Cic. Clu. 59, 163: scito C. Sempronium Rufum, mel ac delicias tuas, calumniam maximo plausu tulisse, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 1:accusare alienae dominationis scelerisque socius propter calumniae metum non est ausus,
Cic. Dom. 19, 49:perinde poenā teneri ac si publico judicio calumniae condemnatus,
Tac. A. 14, 41:calumniam fictis eludere jocis,
Phaedr. 3, prol. 37.—Trop.A.Of abstr. things: in hac igitur calumniā timoris et caecae suspitionis tormento, cum plurima ad alieni sensūs conjecturam, non ad suum judicium scribantur, i. e. when the writer ' s mind is made the fool of his fears, Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 4. —B.Contra se, a mistaken severity towards one ' s self:inveni qui Ciceroni crederent, eum (Calvum) nimiā contra se calumniā verum sanguinem perdidisse,
Quint. 10, 1, 115 (referring to Cic. Brut. 82, 283: nimium inquirens in se atque ipse sese observans, metuensque ne vitiosum colligeret, etiam verum sanguinem deperdebat). -
2 kalumnia
călumnĭa (old form kălumnĭa; v. the letter K), ae, f. [perh. for calvomnia, from calvor; cf. incīlo], trickery, artifice, chicanery, cunning device.I.Lit.A.In gen.:B.per obtrectatores Lentuli calumniā extracta res est,
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 3:(Lucullus) inimicorum calumniā triennio tardius quam debuerat triumphavit,
id. Ac. 2, 1, 3:inpediti ne triumpharent calumniā paucorum, quibus omnia honesta atque inhonesta vendere mos erat,
Sall. C. 30, 4:Metellus calumniā dicendi tempus exemit,
Cic. Att. 4, 3, 3:cum omni morā, ludificatione, calumniā senatūs auctoritas impediretur,
id. Sest. 35, 75.— Plur.:res ab adversariis nostris extracta est variis calumniis,
Cic. Fam. 1, 4, 1.—In partic.1.A pretence, evasion, subterfuge:2.juris judicium cum erit et aequitatis, cave in istā tam frigidā, tam jejunā calumniā delitescas,
Cic. Caecin. 21, 61:senatus religionis calumniam non religione, sed malevolentiā... comprobat,
id. Fam. 1, 1, 1:Carneades... itaque premebat alio modo nec ullam adhibebat calumniam,
id. Fat. 14, 31:calumniam stultitiamque ejus obtrivit ac contudit,
id. Caecin. 7, 18:illud in primis, ne qua calumnia, ne qua fraus, ne quis dolus adhibeatur,
id. Dom. 14, 36:quae major calumnia est, quam venire imberbum adulescentulum... dicere se filium senatorem sibi velle adoptare?
id. ib. 14, 37.—In discourse, etc., a misrepresentation, false statement, fallacy, cavil (cf.:3.cavillatio, perfugium): haec cum uberius disputantur et fusius, facilius effugiunt Academicorum calumniam,
Cic. Ac. 2, 7, 20:(Carneades) saepe optimas causas ingenii calumniā ludificari solet,
id. Rep. 3, 5, 9:nec Arcesilae calumnia conferenda est cum Democriti verecundiā,
id. Ac. 2, 5, 14:si in minimis rebus pertinacia reprehenditur, calumnia etiam coërcetur,
id. ib. 2, 20, 65:altera est calumnia, nullam artem falsis adsentiri opinionibus,
Quint. 2, 17, 18:si quis tamen... ad necessaria aliquid melius adjecerit, non erit hac calumniā reprendendus,
id. 12, 10, 43.—A false accusation, malicious charge, esp. a false or malicious information, or action at law, a perversion of justice ( = sukophantia):4.jam de deorum inmortalium templis spoliatis qualem calumniam ad pontifices adtulerit?
false report, Liv. 39, 4, 11:Scythae... cum confecto jam bello supervenissent, et calumniā tardius lati auxilii, mercede fraudarentur,
an unjust charge, Just. 42, 1, 2:quamquam illa fuit ad calumniam singulari consilio reperta ratio... Quae res cum ad pactiones iniquissimas magnam vim habuit, tum vero ad calumnias in quas omnes inciderent, quos vellent Apronius,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 15, § 38:causam calumniae reperire,
id. ib. 2, 2, 8, §21: (Heraclius), a quo HS. C. milia per calumniam malitiamque petita sunt,
id. ib. 2, 2, 27, §66: mirari improbitatem calumniae,
id. ib. 2, 2, 15, §37: exsistunt etiam saepe injuriae calumniā quādam et nimis callidā juris interpretatione,
id. Off. 1, 10, 33:iste amplam occasionem calumniae nactus,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 25, § 61:quem iste in decumis, in rebus capitalibus, in omni calumniā praecursorem habere solebat et emissarium,
id. ib. 2, 5, 41, § 108; 2, 2, 9, §25: ad rapinas convertit animum, vario et exquisitissimo calumniarum et auctionum et vectigalium genere,
Suet. Calig. 38 init.; cf.the context: calumniā litium alienos fundos petere,
Cic. Mil. 27, 74:adeo illis odium Romanorum incussit rapacitas proconsulum, sectio publicanorum, calumniae litium,
Just. 38, 7, 8:calumniarum metum inicere alicui,
Suet. Caes. 20:principes confiscatos ob tam leve ac tam inpudens calumniarum genus, ut, etc.,
id. Tib. 49:calumniis rapinisque intendit animum,
id. Ner. 32:creditorum turbam... nonnisi terrore calumniarum amovit,
id. Vit. 7:fiscales calumnias magna calumniantium repressit,
id. Dom. 9 fin. — Plur.:istae calumniae,
App. Mag. 1, p. 273, 9; cf.:calumnia magiae,
id. ib. 2, p. 274, 10.—Hence, jurid. t. t., the bringing of an action, whether civil or criminal, in bad faith:II.actoris calumnia quoque coërcetur,
litigiousness on the part of the plaintiff, Just. Inst. 4, 16, 1 Sandars ad loc.; Gai Inst. 4, 174: vetus calumniae actio, a prosecution for blackmail or malicious prosecution, id. ib.: calumniam jurare, to take the oath that the action is brought or defence offered in good faith, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 3: sei juraverit calumniae causā non postulare, Lex Acil. Repetund. 19; Dig. 39, 2, 7; cf.: praeter jusjurandum exigere non calumniae causā infitias ire, Gai Inst. 4, 172:jusjurandum exigere non calumniae causā agere,
id. ib. 4, 176.—Hence:nec satis habere bello vicisse Hannibalem, nisi velut accusatores calumniam in eum jurarent ac nomen deferrent,
Liv. 33, 37, 5 Weissenb. ad loc; so,de calumniā jurare,
Dig. 39, 2, 13, § 3: jusjurandum de calumniā, Gai Inst. 4, 179; Dig. 12, 3, 34 al.: et quidem calumniae judicium adversus omnes actiones locum habet, a conviction in a cross-action for malicious prosecution, Gai Inst. 4, 175:turpissimam personam calumniae honestae civitati inponere,
to fasten the vile character of a malicious prosecutor upon, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 17, § 43:sine ignominiā calumniae accusationem relinquere non posse,
id. Clu. 31, 86.— The person convicted of this charge was branded on the forehead with the letter K; v. calumniator.—Transf., a conviction for malicious prosecution ( = calumniae judicium, v. I. A. 4. supra):III.hic illo privato judicio, mihi credite, calumniam non effugiet,
Cic. Clu. 59, 163: scito C. Sempronium Rufum, mel ac delicias tuas, calumniam maximo plausu tulisse, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 1:accusare alienae dominationis scelerisque socius propter calumniae metum non est ausus,
Cic. Dom. 19, 49:perinde poenā teneri ac si publico judicio calumniae condemnatus,
Tac. A. 14, 41:calumniam fictis eludere jocis,
Phaedr. 3, prol. 37.—Trop.A.Of abstr. things: in hac igitur calumniā timoris et caecae suspitionis tormento, cum plurima ad alieni sensūs conjecturam, non ad suum judicium scribantur, i. e. when the writer ' s mind is made the fool of his fears, Caecil. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 7, 4. —B.Contra se, a mistaken severity towards one ' s self:inveni qui Ciceroni crederent, eum (Calvum) nimiā contra se calumniā verum sanguinem perdidisse,
Quint. 10, 1, 115 (referring to Cic. Brut. 82, 283: nimium inquirens in se atque ipse sese observans, metuensque ne vitiosum colligeret, etiam verum sanguinem deperdebat). -
3 calumnia
calumnia ae, f trickery, artifice, chicanery, cunning: cum omni calumniā senatūs auctoritas impediretur: triumphare calumniā paucorum, S.: res extracta variis calumniis.—A pretence, evasion, subterfuge: in istā calumniā delitescere: ne qua calumnia adhibeatur.—A misrepresentation, false statement, fallacy, cavil: effugere alicuius calumniam.—A false accusation, malicious charge, false prosecution: de templis spoliatis, L.: causam calumniae reperire: ab alquo per calumniam alqd petere.—A perversion of justice, bad faith in an action at law: personam calumniae civitati inponere, the character of a malicious prosecutor: calumniae accusationem relinquere.—A conviction for malicious prosecution: calumniam effugere: calumniam fictis eludere iocis, Ph.: calumniam in eum iurare, to swear that the prosecution is in good faith, L.* * *Icharge; accusationIIsophistry, sham; false accusation/claim/statement/pretenses/objection; quibble -
4 persecutio
I.Lit.:II.bestiae,
Dig. 41, 1, 44; so ib. 41, 1, 4; App. M. 4, p. 155, 1:pluviis persecutionem passi,
Vulg. Sap. 16, 16; 11, 21.—Transf.A. B.A persecution, esp. of Christians, Tert. Spect. 27:C.De Fuga in Persecutione,
the title of a treatise by Tertullian, Vulg. Matt. 5, 10 et saep.— -
5 accūsātiō
accūsātiō ōnis, f [accuso]; in judicial lang., a formal complaint, indictment, accusation, prosecution: accusatio crimen desiderat, i. e. must contain a charge: conflare, devise: relinquere, abandon: accusationi respondere, to defend against. — In gen., a complaint, accusation: Hannibalis, against Hannibal, L. — Meton., the office of prosecutor: ut tibi potissimum accusatio detur. — The bill of indictment, accuser's speech: accusationis libri, i. e. the orations against Verres.* * *accusation, inditement; act/occasion of accusation; rebuke, reproof -
6 accūsātōrius
accūsātōrius adj. [accusator], of a prosecutor, relating to a prosecution, making a complaint: lex: animus: spiritus, L.* * *accusatoria, accusatorium ADJof/belonging to a public/professional prosecutor; accusatory, denunciatory -
7 agitātiō
agitātiō ōnis, f [agito], movement, motion, agitation: fluctuum: lecticae, L.: linguae: armorum, L. — Fig.: mentis. — Pursuit, prosecution: studiorum: magnarum rerum.* * *brandishing/waving/shaking/moving violently; movement; exercise; working (land) -
8 dēfēnsiō
dēfēnsiō ōnis, f [defendo], a defending, defence: urbis, Cs.: defensionis locum relinquere: defensionem in novo consilio parare, S.: criminis: contra crimen: causae suae: scripta: pro Cornelio, N.: ad istam orationem brevis.* * *Idefense/protection; act of defending; argument/justification in defense, excuseIIlegal maintenance of a right; legal prosecution, punishment -
9 dē-ferō
dē-ferō tulī, lātus, ferre, to bring away, carry off, take down, carry, take, remove: quae (dolia) amnis defert, V.: secundo Tiberi deferri, L.: ramalia arida tecto, O.: argentum ad eam, T.: litteras ad Caesarem, Cs.: natos ad flumina, V.: Germani ad castra Romanorum delati, Cs.: aurum in aerarium, L.: acies in praeceps deferri, L.: deferor hospes, drift, H.: praeceps in undas deferar, shall throw myself, V.: alqm in barathrum, Ct.: puerum huc, T.: hunc sub aequora, i. e. submerge, O.: huc impetus illam (hastam) Detulerat, drove, V.: quod (iaculum) detulit error in Idan, O.—To drive away, drive down, drive, force: una (navis) delata Oricum, Cs.: (Labienus) longius delatus aestu, Cs.: quem tempestas in desertum litus detulisset. — Fig., to bring, lead, carry: fortunae pignora in discrimen, L.: hac re ad consilium delatā, into consideration, Cs.—To bring, give, grant, confer, allot, offer, transfer, deliver: ad hunc totius belli summam deferri, Cs.: omnia ad unum: sibi a Caesare regnum civitatis deferri, Cs.: honores mihi: de pace deferendā hostibus, L.: si quid petet, ultro Defer, H.: Delatis capsis, i. e. deposited (in a public library), H.—To give account of, report, announce, signify, state: rem, Cs.: falsum numerum equitum, Cs.: nostra consilia ad adversarios: defertur ea res ad Caesarem, Cs.: haec Senecae, Ta.: id Carthaginem, N.: ad Caesarem, me paenitere consili mei: armari classem, V.: delatum est ad vos, quem ad modum fecerit.—In beginning a prosecution, with nomen, to report one's name (to the praetor), indict, impeach, complain of, accuse: nomen huius de parricidio: de pecuniis repetundis nomen cuiuspiam: Sopatro eiusdem rei nomen, bring the same charge against Sopater: cur tibi nomen non deferrem?—With crimen, to lodge an accusation: quod crimen, cum primum ad me delatum est: crimina in dominum delaturum se esse.—With causam (poet.), to present, report: si iustae defertur causa querelae, Iu. —In gen.: quae apud vos de me deferunt, the charges they make.—To register, return, enter for registry (in the public archives): horum (iudicum) nomina ad aerarium: censum Romam: in beneficiis ad aerarium delatus est, recommended among the beneficiaries of the state: senatūs consultum factum ad aerarium, L.: senatūs consulta in aedem Cereris, L.: alqd in censum, to return for appraisal, L. -
10 dīvīnātiō
dīvīnātiō ōnis, f [divino], miraculous knowledge, prophetic inspiration, foresight, divination: ut nihil divinatione opus sit: quantae divinationis est, scire, etc.: si divinatio appellanda est bonitas, N. — In law, a proceeding to determine who shall conduct a prosecution.* * *predicting; divination; prophecy; prognostication -
11 pōscō
pōscō popōscī, —, ere, inch. [PREC-], to ask urgently, beg, demand, request, desire: Impius es cum poscis, ait: sed pensio clamat, Posce, beg, Iu.: Fauno immolare, Seu poscat agnā sīve malit haedo, if he require it, H.: argentum: pugnam, L.: peccatis veniam, H.: accusant ei, quos populus poscit, demands for punishment: dictatorem reum, require the prosecution of, L.: ego poscor Olympo, it is I that Olympus summons, V.: tua numina, invoke, V.: abs te litteras: parentes pretium pro sepulturā liberūm poscere: non ita creditum Poscis Quintilium deos, H.: Quid dedicatum poscit Apollinem Vates? H.: gravidae posceris exta bovis, they ask you for the entrails, O.: poscor meum Laelapa, they demand of me, O.: Parilia poscor, O.: poscimus, ut cenes civiliter, Iu.: poscat sibi fabula credi, H.: Esse sacerdotes delubraque vestra tueri Poscimus, O.: poscunt maioribus poculis (sc. bibere), challenge with larger goblets.—Of things, to make necessary, demand, require, need, call for: quod res poscere videbatur, Cs.: quod negotium poscebat, S.: terrae semina poscunt, V.* * *poscere, poposci, - Vask, demand -
12 pūblicus
pūblicus adj. [populus], of the people, of the state, done for the state, public, common: rem bene gerere publicam, the business of the state, Enn. ap. C.: sacrificia publica ac privata, Cs.: iniuriae, to the state, Cs.: litterae testimonium: causa, an affair of state, L.: causam publicam dicere, i. e. a criminal prosecution: in causis iudiciisque publicis: largitiones, S.: ludus, H.: incisa notis marmora publicis, H.—In the phrase, res publica (often written res <*>.: less correctly as one word, respublica), a commonwealth, state, republic: ne quid detrimenti res p. caperet, S.: res R. publica: tria genera rerum p.: delere rem p.: senatūs consultis e re p. factis, for the public good: faceret quod e re p. fideque suā duceret, L.: aetatem a re p. procul habendam decrevi, from public life, S.: res p. suas retinere.—As subst n., possessions of the state, public property, state treasury, public revenue: qui (agri) in publicum Campanum incurrebant, the public lands: nihil neque privati neque publici in Siciliā reliquisse: de publico nummos accipere: de publico convivari, at public cost: bona in publicum redigere, into the public treasury, L.: frumenti quod inventum est, in publicum conferunt, the public granaries, Cs.: publicis male redemptis: conducere publica, farm the public revenues, H.: publicorum societates, i. e. of farmers of the revenue: magister scripturae et sex publicorum, i. e. branches of the revenue: frui publico: pessimo publico facere, to the injury of the state, L.— Common, general, public: aqua publica in privatum agrum fluens, L.: usus, H.: favor, the favor of all, O.: lux publica mundi, the sun, O.: verba, common, usual, O.—As subst n., a public place, publicity: pernoctare in publico: relatis in publicum Cornibus, Cs.: summa in publico copia: epistulam in publico proponere, publicly: prodire in publicum, go out in public: carere publico, be in retirement.—General, common, ordinary, vulgar: structura carminis, O.: vatem, cui non sit publica vena, Iu.* * *publica, publicum ADJpublic; common, of the people/state; official -
13 quaestiō
quaestiō ōnis, f [QVAES-], a questioning, examination, inquiry, investigation: exploratā re quaestione captivorum, Cs.: rem in disceptationem quaestionemque vocare, to investigate: res in quaestione versatur, is under investigation: de moribus ultima fiet quaestio, Iu.— A judicial investigation, examination by torture, criminal inquiry, inquisition: cum praetor quaestionem inter sicarios exercuisset, conducted a trial for assassination: mortis paternae de servis paternis quaestionem habere: quaestionem in eum ferre, demand his prosecution: placuit quaestionem ex his haberi, L.: instituta de morte: ad quaestionem abripi, to the torture: illum in quaestionem postulavit: quaestiones severius exercere, L.: quaestioni praeesse, to sit as judge: tabellae quaestionis, records of testimony at an examination: quaestiones perpetuae, standing commissions of criminal investigation: iudex quaestionis (i. e. quaesitor): quaestiones extraordinariae, investigations by special commission, L.: dimittere eo tempore quaestionem, i. e. the court.—A question, subject of investigation, matter, case, cause, dispute, difficulty, inquiry: quae (sententia) viri simillima, magna quaestio est: perdifficilis de naturā deorum: de moribus ultima fiet Quaestio, Iu.: beatos efficiat (sapientia) necne quaestio est, may be disputed.—The record of a judicial inquiry, minutes of evidence: hanc fictam quaestionem conscripisse.* * *questioning, inquiry; investigation -
14 tabula
tabula ae, f [2 TA-], a board, plank: tabulam de naufragio adripere: laceras tabulas in litore vidi, O.: navis, Iu.— A writing-tablet, writingbook, slate: Laevo suspensi loculos tabulamque lacerto, H.: adsint Cum tabulā pueri, Iu.— A slab, marble tablet: votiva, H.— A writing, record, memorandum, list, schedule: tabulae litteris Graecis confectae, etc., lists, Cs.: tabulae praerogativae, list of voters: Sullae, i. e. Sulla's list of the proscribed, Iu.— A record, document, state-paper: de tabulis publicis recitare, public records: tabulae Heracliensium publicae, archives: memoria publica recensionis tabulis publicis impressa, i. e. the censor's lists.—A statute, brief code, table of the law: XII tabulae, the Twelve Tables (the most ancient code of the Republic): duabus tabulis additis.— A map: Dicaearchi tabulae.— Plur, an account-book, ledger: quod aes alienum obiectum est, tabulae flagitatae: tabulis suis testibus uti conatur: falsas rationes in tabulas referre: ut prima nomina sua vellent in publicis tabulis esse, as creditors of the state, L.—In the phrase, novae tabulae, new accounts, a new score, cancellation of debts: polliceri tabulas novas, S.— An indictment, formal accusation: Solventur risu tabulae, i. e. the prosecution will be laughed out of court, H.— A will, testament: In tabulas multis haec via fecit iter, O.: Delebit tabulas, Iu.— A banker's table, counter, counting-house: Sextia.— An auctionplacard, auction-sale: adest ad tabulam, licetur Aebutius: sin ad tabulam venimus, etc.—With picta, a painted tablet, painting, picture: Suspectans tabulam quandam pictam, T.: tabulae pictae delectant.— A picture, painting (sc. picta): imago in tabulis: neque tabulis neque signis propalam conlocatis.—Prov.: manum de tabulā, hands off the picture, i. e. enough.—A gaming-table: itur Ad casum tabulae, Iu.* * *writing tablet (wax covered board); records (pl.); document, deed, will; list; plank/board, flat piece of wood; door panel; counting/playing/notice board; picture, painting; wood panel for painting; metal/stone tablet/panel w/text -
15 agitatio
ăgĭtātĭo, ōnis, f. [id.], the state of being in motion, motion, movement, agitation (in good class. prose).I.Lit.:II.agitationes fluctuum,
Cic. Mur. 17:agitatio et motus linguae,
id. N. D. 2, 54:lecticae,
Liv. 27, 29:agitatione agitabitur terra,
Vulg. Isa. 24, 20.—Trop. (mostly in philos. lang.), activity:numquam animus agitatione et motu esse vacuus potest,
Cic. Div. 2, 62, 128:adhibenda est actio quaedam, non solum mentis agitatio,
contemplation, thought, id. Off. 1, 5 fin.:magnarum rerum agitatio et administratio,
id. Inv. 2, 54:studiorum,
prosecution, id. Sen. 7:opus est sapienti agitatione virtutum,
the practice, exercise, Sen. Ep. 109:agitatione rerum ad virtutem capessendam excitari,
Val. Max. 7, 2, 1. -
16 defensio
I.Prop.:B.Remis cum spe defensionis studium propugnandi accessit,
Caes. B. G. 2, 7, 2.—With gen. subj.:urbium,
id. ib. 7, 23, 5; id. B. C. 2, 7 fin.:ad istam omnem orationem brevis est defensio,
Cic. Cael. 4; id. Verr. 2, 3, 88; id. Mil. 6, 15:nostra propugnatio ac defensio dignitatis tuae,
id. Fam. 1, 7, 2 et saep.— With gen. obj.:defensio criminis,
Quint. 7, 4, 3:criminum,
Liv. 38, 49, 6:sceleris,
Just. 39, 2, 8.—Concr., a written defence, speech:II.defensionem Demosthenes legit,
Plin. 7, 30, 31, § 110.—As jurid. t. t.a.The legal maintenance of a right:b.libertatis,
Cod. Just. 1, 7, 18.—(Acc. to defendo, no. II. B. 2.) Legal prosecution, punishment of a crime:mortis,
Dig. 29, 5, 1, § 25. -
17 exsecutio
I.In gen.:II.instituti operis,
Plin. 35, 8, 34, § 53: legis, Front. Aquaed. fin. —Esp.A.In jurid. lang., a judicial prosecution, indictment:B.delictorum quorundam,
Dig. 47, 1, 1:criminis, delicti,
ib. 50, 16, 131 fin.; cf. ib. 178, § 2.—Jurisdiction, official authority:C.exsecutionem ejus negotii libens suscepit (Corbulo),
Tac. A. 3, 31:Syriae,
i. e. administration, government, id. ib. 15, 25.—Of speech, a discussion, complete treatment:differam hoc in praesenti: desiderat enim propriam et longam exsecutionem, etc.,
Sen. Ep. 52 fin.; id. Contr. 3 praef.; Quint. 5, 13, 27; Plin. Ep. 8, 14, 6.— Plur.:exsecutiones rerum vitare,
Vulg. 2 Macc. 2, 32. -
18 inexsecutio
ĭn-exsĕcūtĭo, ōnis, f., pursuit, prosecution:inefficax,
Jul. Val. Res Gest. Alex. M. 2, 34. -
19 lis
līs, lītis (old form stlis, stlitis, like stlocus for locus; cf. Quint. 1, 4, 16), f. [root star-, in sterno; cf. Germ. streiten, to contend], a strife, dispute, quarrel.I.In gen.:II.si quis pugnam expectat, litis contrahat,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 63:philosophi aetatem in litibus conterunt,
Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 53:grammatici certant et adhuc sub judice lis est,
Hor. A. P. 78:morsus litibus alternis dati,
Prop. 4 (5), 5, 39:semper habet lites alternaque jurgia lectus In quo nupta jacet,
Juv. 6, 268.— Transf., of inanimate things:lis est cum formā magna pudicitiae,
Ov. H. 16, 288; id. F. 1, 107.—In partic.A.A charge, an accusation:B.accipito hanc tute ad te litem... Fac ego ne metuam mihi, atque ut tu meam timeas vicem,
Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 23. —A lawsuit, an action or process at law:2.nam mihi tris hodie litis judicandas dicito,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 10: hodie juris coctiores [p. 1071] non sunt, qui litis creant, Quam sunt hice, qui, si nihil est litium, litis serunt, id. Poen. 3, 2, 9 sq.; Cic. de Or. 3, 28, 109:repetere ac persequi lite atque judicio aliquid,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 13, § 32:litem alicui intendere,
id. de Or. 1, 10, 42:in inferendis litibus,
id. Rab. Post. 4, 10:contestari,
id. Att. 16, 15, 2:obtinere aut amittere,
id. Rosc. Com. 4, 10:orare,
id. Off. 3. 10, 43:sedare,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 132:secare,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 42:perdere,
Gai. Inst. 4, 30:in litibus aestimandis,
in suits for damages, Cic. Clu. 41, 116; id. Rab. Post. 4, 9:lis capitis,
a prosecution involving life, a capital charge, id. Clu. 41, 116:aestimationem litium non esse judicium,
an appraisal of damages, id. ib.; cf. id. Rab. Post. 5, 11:cum in eum litis aestimares,
id. ib. 5, 12:quod vulgo dicitur, e lege Julia litem anno et sex mensibus mori,
Gai. Inst. 4, 104.—In the phrase: litem suam facere, to make the cause his own, said,(α).Litem suam facere, of an advocate who neglects the cause of his client and seeks his own advantage:(β).quid, si cum pro altero dicas, litem tuam facias?
Cic. de Or. 2, 75, 305.—Also of a judge who, out of favor or through bribery, pronounces an unjust sentence, or who turns aside from the questions strictly before him to express his own opinions or feelings through the judgment: debet enim judex attendere, ut cum certae pecuniae condemnatio posita sit, neque majoris neque minoris summa petita nummo condemnet, alioquin litem suam facit;(γ).item si taxatio posita sit, ne pluris condemnet quam taxatum sit, alias enim similiter litem suam facit,
Gai. Inst. 2, 52:si judex litem suam fecerit,
Dig. 44, 7, 4, § 4; cf. ib. 5, 1, 15; so, trop.: nam et Varro satis aperte, quid dicere oporteret, edocuit;et ego adversus eum, qui doctus esse dicebatur, litem meam facere absens nolui,
Gell. 10, 1.—Also of a judge who does not appear on the day appointed: inde ad comitium vadunt, ne litem suam faciant, C. Titius ap. Macr. S. 2, 12.—C.The subject of an action at law, the matter in dispute:quibus res erat in controversia, ea vocabatur lis,
Varr. L. L. 7, § 93 Müll.:illud mihi mirum videri solet, tot homines statuere non potuisse, utrum rem an litem dici oporteret,
Cic. Mur. 12, 27:lites severe aestimatae,
id. ib. 20, 42:quo minus secundum eas tabulas lis detur, non recusamus,
id. Rosc. Com. 1, 3:de tota lite pactionem facere,
id. ib. 14, 40:in suam rem litem vertere,
Liv. 3, 72:litem lite resolvere,
to explain one obscure thing by another equally so, Hor. S. 2, 3, 103. -
20 perago
pĕr-ăgo, ēgi, actum ( inf. paragier, Cato, Orig. 7, p. 1), 3, v. a.I.To thrust through, pierce through, transfix (only poet. and in post-Aug. prose):B. II.Theseus latus ense peregit,
transpierced, Ov. H. 4, 119:aliquem ardenti quercu,
Val. Fl. 1, 146; cf.:externa peragi dextrā,
Sil. 11, 364.—Hence, transf., to kill, slay, Mart. 5, 37, 16.—To drive about, harass, disturb, disquiet, agitate, annoy a person or thing (very rare):III. A.pecora peragens asilus,
Sen. Ep. 58, 2: totum Sempronium usque eo perago, ut, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 1.—In gen. (class.;B.syn.: exsequor, conficio, patro): multum egerunt, qui ante nos fuerunt, sed non peregerunt,
Sen. Ep. 64, 8: carmen tubā solā peregit, Enn. ap. Lact. ad Stat. Th. 11, 56 (Ann. v. 508 Vahl.):fabulam,
Cic. Sen. 19, 70; cf. id. ib. 18, 64 (and v. peractio):comitia,
id. N. D. 2, 4, 10:concilium,
Caes. B. G. 6, 4:partes suas,
Plin. Ep. 7, 33, 5:conata,
Juv. 13. 210:inceptum,
Verg. A. 4, 452:cursum,
id. ib. 4, 653; cf.:coeptum iter,
Ov. F. 1, 188:dona,
to finish distributing, Verg. A. 5, 362: mandata, Ov. M. 7, 502:aetatem, vitam, aevum,
id. Tr. 4, 8, 13; 41; id. M. 15, 485:facinus,
Juv. 6, 640; also, to exhaust:quot viros,
Auct. Priap. 34.— Absol., = diagein, to pass one's life, Pers. 5, 138.— Pass. impers.:Quis non peractum esse cum Pompeio crederet?
that the war with Pompey is ended, Flor. 4, 2, 53.—In partic., in jurid. Lat.:IV. A. B.reum,
to continue a prosecution till the defendant is condemned, Liv. 4, 42; Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 4; Ov. P. 4, 6, 30; Val. Max. 6, 2, 4:accusationem,
to prosecute to the end, Plin. Ep. 6, 31, 6:receptus est reus, neque peractus, ob mortem opportunam,
Tac. A. 4, 21.—Trop., to go through, go over, to relate, describe, detail, state:legatus peragit deinde postulata...Haec paucis verbis carminis concipiendique jurisjurandi mutatis peragit,
Liv. 1, 32, 6 sq.:verbis auspicia,
to mention, id. 1, 18 fin.:res pace belloque gestas,
to describe, treat of, id. 2, 1:dum perago tecum pauca,
Ov. Am. 2, 2, 2:res tenues, tenui sermone peractas,
delivered, Hor. S. 2, 4, 9.
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